• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a device for harvesting products, such as peppers, comprising a mobile undercarriage, positioning means in connection with the picking of products, as well as transport means for transporting the picked products from the positioning means. In connection with a controlled manner of depositing the products, so that damage to them is avoided, dispensing means are provided which connect to the conveying means for dispensing the products from the conveying means, which dispensing means are displaceable between different dispensing positions.
    公开号:BE1018922A3
    申请号:E2009/0173
    申请日:2009-03-19
    公开日:2011-11-08
    发明作者:Simon Jansen
    申请人:Jansen Tholen B V；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    HARVESTING DEVICE FOR PRODUCTS LIKE PAPRIKAS
    The invention relates to a device for harvesting products, such as sweet peppers, comprising a mobile undercarriage, positioning means for manually or robotically performing activities in connection with picking products, conveying means for conveying the picked products from the positioning means, as well as dispensing means connecting to the transport means for dispensing the products from the transport means, which dispensing means are movable between different dispensing positions.
    Such a device is known from FR-A-2,294,628. With this known device, the products, in particular grapes, first fall onto a horizontally oriented conveyor, from which they are subsequently dumped into a container located at a higher level by means of a slightly slanted upwardly positioned conveyor. This known device has the disadvantage that the products are treated roughly, which is the result of the falling movements that they undergo in the device. This means that such an establishment is not suitable for harvesting sensitive products such as peppers.
    A further device is known from Dutch patent specification 1,026,577. In this known device, an undercarriage is used that can be moved over the heating pipes as they occur in the usual manner on the bottom of a greenhouse or greenhouse. The frame carries a holder in which in particular products such as peppers can be received. There is a ladder-like construction on the frame along which a positioning platform can be moved up and down in such a way that a person can pick peppers at different heights of the plant. A triangle-shaped conveyor belt extends along both legs of the ladder-like structure and through the holder. The conveyor belt has receiving parts in which the products can be stored. These can then be transported downwards into the holder where they fall out of the receiving parts.
    The products end up in the receiving parts via a plate on which they are laid down after picking. The plate can be arranged at a certain height with respect to the positioning platform, such that one can routinely deposit the picked bell peppers in the correct manner without too much trouble. This is important because it must be possible to harvest the peppers in such a way that damage is avoided as much as possible.
    Although damage to the bell peppers could be prevented in this way when they are introduced into the conveyor, it is not assured that damage can also be avoided when transferring the bell peppers to be transported out into the container. When falling out of the conveyor belt, in particular, the peppers reaching the bottom may show butes as a result of the collision. This is to the detriment of the appearance and thus of the price of the peppers to be calculated. The height at which the peppers fall also depends on the height of the holder. It must be borne in mind that, in order to obtain an acceptable capacity of the container, it must be quite high. After all, the width of the holders is necessarily limited, because they must be able to be moved through the narrow paths that extend between the rows of plants.
    The object of the invention is to provide a device of the type mentioned in the preamble with which the peppers can be treated over the entire path from picking it up to and including it in the container in such a way that damage to it can largely be avoided. This object is achieved in that the transport means comprise a vertically directed elevator conveyor which extends between the positioning means and the delivery means, which elevator conveyor comprises an upwardly movable lifting part located close to the installation means and a downcompartment which is downwardly movable downwardly adjacent to the delivery means and which disposes the installation means up and down are movable along the elevator conveyor and that a feed trough is provided whose one end cooperates with the lifting part of the elevator conveyor and the other end of which forms a depositing means for the products.
    The vertically extending lifting part is suitable for picking up the harvested peppers at different heights, such that a reliable and sparing supply of the peppers is always ensured. Because the conveyor provides a continuous transport movement to the delivery means, the work can be carried out in a regular manner, which is favorable for a routine treatment which benefits the quality of the peppers. To that end, the elevator conveyor can in particular be provided with receiving parts in which the products can be accommodated. These receiving parts may comprise plates which point slightly obliquely upwards and outwards from the conveyor. The peppers can be reliably transported in these plates without clamping. In that connection, a hood can extend at least over the lower part of the elevator conveyor for keeping the products trapped in the receiving parts.
    A flexible braking member, such as a rubber flap, can be situated at the location of the connection of the delivery means to the descent part for delivering the products from the descent part to the dispensing means in a controlled manner.
    The feed trough is preferably covered with a soft material. Furthermore, the feed trough can be pivotally suspended at an end around a substantially vertical axis of rotation near the lifting part.
    In the device according to the invention, in addition to the conveyor belt, dispensing means are used which can be manipulated in such a way that the height or the distance over which the peppers travel free fall into the container can be substantially reduced. With an empty container, the delivery means can be arranged close to the bottom, such that each pepper can reach the bottom over a short distance. This ensures that damage to them can be omitted. When the peppers are accumulated, the position of the delivery means can be adjusted, so that subsequent peppers also fall only a short distance and then end up on the peppers deposited for that purpose. The peppers deposited next can also roll over the already formed pile of peppers. Such a rolling movement over a heap of bell peppers deposited beforehand, however, is hardly a problem, because it does not cause any damage in practice.
    The movable delivery means with which these positive results are achieved can be designed in various ways. According to a special embodiment, the dispensing means may comprise a conveyor with a free end, which conveyor is movably suspended such that the free end can be brought into different positions. The conveyor can be brought into a more or less inclined position or into a horizontal position if it is rotatably suspended at the other end remote from the free end relative to the frame.
    As soon as a quantity of peppers has accumulated at the free end of the conveyor that is maximal with respect to the height of the container, the further filling of the container can be efficiently continued at a location other than at the free end of the conveyor . This can be achieved by the use of a diverter that cooperates with the conveyor, which diverter is transferable between an inactive state and at least one active state, in which active state the diverter is designed to divert a conveyor between both ends of said conveyor of the products. This means that at some distance from the first quantity of peppers formed, it is possible to start forming a second quantity or stack of peppers by operating the diverter at a suitable position along the conveyor. In particular, in an advantageous embodiment that allows optimum filling of a container, the diverter may have various active states. The diverter member is then designed to selectively divert the products at different positions between both ends of the conveyor.
    This diverter can be designed in many different ways as a sort of switch. In particular, the diverter member may comprise a plate or plow extending transversely of the conveyor, which plate can be brought into an inactive state in which it is located outside the conveyor track determined by the conveyor for the picked products, and in at least an active state in which it is in said conveyor track for laterally diverting the picked products from the conveyor. In connection with the derivation of the products at different positions along the conveyor, the plate or plow can be displaceable in the longitudinal direction along the conveyor. In a possible embodiment, the diverting member can be designed for diverting the products on one and only one longitudinal side of the conveyor. However, it is also possible to design the device in such a way that the products can be derived on both longitudinal sides of the conveyor.
    An automatic operation or semi-automatic operation of the device can be achieved if sensor means are provided for detecting the dispensed products, as well as control means for controlling the dispensing means on the basis of the data provided by the sensor means about the dispensed products.
    As mentioned above, the known device has transport means which are designed in the form of a triangle. In that connection, a further improvement can be obtained with the device according to the invention in that the transport means comprise a vertically directed elevator conveyor which extends between the positioning means and the delivery means, which elevator conveyor comprises an upwardly movable lifting part located near the positioning means and a lifting part adjacent to the delivery means downwardly movable lowering part.
    The invention further relates to the combination from a device as described above, as well as a holder for receiving picked products, wherein the dispensing means extend above and / or in the holder for dispensing the products from the container at different positions in the holder. release agents. This holder can for instance consist of a tray with wheels known per se for moving the holder. According to the invention, the dispensing means can be accommodated in the holder in such a way that they are placed off-center and are close to a longitudinal wall of the holder. In that case, the diverter means is designed such that the products are diverted on that side of the conveyor that faces away from that longitudinal wall of the container.
    The invention further relates to a method comprising the steps of: - bringing the dispensing means into a low position in the holder, - dispensing a first quantity of products from the dispensing means located in a low position in the holder, - raising the dispensing means to a higher position, then delivering a second quantity of products from the dispensing means located in the higher position in the holder. In this method the steps can further be provided with: - continuing to bring the dispensing means into higher positions in the holder and dispensing products in those positions until the highest position of the dispensing means is reached and / or the maximum height of the amount of collected products in the container has been reached, - subsequently delivering the products at a diversion position that is horizontally shifted with respect to the previous positions.
    The invention will now be further described with reference to the embodiment of the device shown in the figures.
    Figure 1 shows a side view of the combination according to the invention. Figure 2 shows a top view of the combination.
    Figure 3 shows the section III-III of Figure 1.
    Figure 4 shows the detail according to IV of Figure 1.
    Figures 5a-c show various steps in manipulating the delivery means.
    Figures 6a-c show further different steps.
    The device 1 according to the invention for picking and delivering harvested products such as peppers, shown in figures 1 and 2, is rigidly coupled to the mobile container 2 in which said harvested peppers can be received in such a way that damage is prevented. The device 1 consists of the frame 3 which can be moved over a surface 4, in particular the floor of a greenhouse, on which frame 3 the tower 5 is mounted. Mounted up and down on the tower 5 is the mounting platform 6, provided with a fence 7, on which a person can take place in connection with picking peppers at different heights.
    The tower 5 is furthermore provided with the conveyor indicated in its entirety by 8, which is guided over the reversing rollers 9, 10. The conveyor has an upwardly movable lifting part 11 and a downwardly movable lowering part 12. At the tower 5 is the jib 13 mounted on which the delivery means indicated in their entirety by 14 are suspended. These dispensing means 14 comprise in the first place the conveyor 15, consisting of an endless conveyor belt 16 which is guided over the reversing roller 17 located at the free end and the reversing roller 18 at the opposite end. The reversing roller 18 is located near the rotary suspension 13 with a horizontal axis, by means of which the dispensing means 14 are pivotally mounted up and down on the jib 13. This displacement can be carried out by the actuator 20. The upper part of the conveyor belt 16 has a hollow shape in cross-section, so that the products remain stable thereon.
    The dispensing means 14 further comprise the plate or plow 22 which, as seen in the view of Figure 2, extends slightly obliquely above the conveyor belt 16. Sweet peppers coming against this plow 22 are forced to leave the conveyor belt 16 due to this tilt. This movement is further enhanced by the presence of the upright wall 21, which extends along the conveyor belt 16 in the longitudinal direction. The plow 22 is movable in the longitudinal direction of the conveyor belt 16; the drives and supports required for this are included on the side of the conveyor belt 16 and are not further shown in detail. A sensor 30 is attached to the plow 22, which sensor is designed in such a way that it can detect a quantity of peppers on the bottom of the holder 2, as will be explained below.
    As shown in the plan view of Figure 2, the conveyor 15 is placed out of the center of the holder 2, and the conveyor 15 is relatively close to a longitudinal wall of the holder. The side of the conveyor belt 16 facing that longitudinal wall is provided with the upright wall 21, such that the products on the other side of the conveyor belt 16, which is remote from that longitudinal wall, are diverted into the holder 2. Alternatively, the conveyor 15 can also be placed more in the middle of the holder 2. In that case the products can be discharged on both sides of the conveyor belt 16.
    Brake flaps 23 are provided at certain positions in the longitudinal direction of the conveyor 14, the purpose of which is to limit the speed at which the peppers roll off the conveyor 15 in an inclined position. The peppers are also carried by the upper, hollow part of the conveyor belt 16, which upper part moves in the direction of the free reversing roller 17.
    The positioning platform 6 is equipped at a suitable height with a trough 24, which has such a height that the picked bell peppers can be deposited thereon in a simple manner. The trough 24 is rotatably suspended around a substantially vertically oriented pivot axis 31, such that the support location at the free end of the trough can always be positioned directly in front of the abdomen of the employee in connection with the always and uniformly depositing of the Products. In the plan view of Figure 2, the trough 24 is pivoted to the right in connection with the picking of bell peppers which are located on a row of crops which is located on the top side of the device in Figure 2. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1, the trough 24 has a somewhat oblique position, such that the peppers roll from the support point at the free end of the trough 24 to the lifting part 11 and are received on the receiving parts 25 thereof. These receiving parts 25 are further shown in Figures 3 and 4, and consist of a plate-shaped receiving part 26 around which a soft covering 27 is arranged. At the location of the lifting part 11, the peppers rest on the receiving parts 25 under the influence of gravity; the inclined position of the receiving parts 25 prevents the peppers from falling out.
    However, at the upper end of the lifting part 11, the receiving parts 25 turn over, and the cap 29 extending along the lowering part 12 ensures that the peppers do not fall down prematurely. At the level of the dispensing means 2, the cap 29 ends and a rubber flap 28 is provided, which ensures that the peppers end up on the conveyor 15 from the receiving parts 25 in a gradual manner. As described above, the brake flaps 23 also ensure that too fast movements of the peppers are avoided.
    With reference to Figures 5 and 6, it will then be described how the peppers can be deposited in the holder 2 in a gradual and sparing manner by means of the device 1 according to the invention. In the condition of Figure 5a, the holder 2 is substantially empty, and the dispensing means 14, and in particular the conveyor 15, extend obliquely downwards, the free end of the conveyor 15 near the deflection roller 17 being close to the bottom 30 of the container 2. The plow 22 is also located near that free end. The peppers 31 are pushed off the conveyor belt 16 at the location of the plow 22, whereby they fall over a small height on the bottom 30 so that no damage occurs. A first heap of bell peppers forms there, which is detected by the sensor 30.
    As the quantity of peppers on the bottom 30 of the holder 2 increases, the actuator 20 is energized under the influence of the quantity of peppers detected by the sensor 30 under the influence of a control device known per se, which is fed with the signals originating from the sensor 30. As a result, the conveyor 15 pivots upwards, such that the reversing roller 17 comes to lie at a greater distance from the bottom as shown in figure 5b. However, the distance to the heap of bell peppers already formed on the bottom 30 remains limited, such that further bell peppers pushed away from the conveyor belt 16 by the plow 22 also fall a small distance and end up on that heap. Ultimately, such a large pile of peppers is formed that the conveyor 15 comes to stand almost horizontally and reaches its highest position, as shown in Figure 5c.
    The rest of the container 2 must then be filled, which steps are shown in figures 6a-c. It has been shown there that by moving the plow 22 away from the free end at the deflection roller 17, the peppers are pushed earlier from the conveyor belt 15, and can subsequently roll along the slope of the heap of peppers. As shown in figure 5b, the plow 22 is moved further and further back, until finally the position shown in figure 6c is reached, whereafter the holder 2 is completely filled.
    An important advantage of the device according to the invention relates to the efficient manner in which the picking of the products such as peppers can be carried out. For example, the employee standing on the work platform can harvest the crop row on one side of the device on the way up. The gutter is then tilted obliquely to the direction where the crop row concerned is located. The direction of travel of the device can then be changed, after which the employee can harvest the opposite crop row on the same work platform. The gutter is then swiveled to the other side. The consequence of this is that the employee does not have to leave the work platform, and only by changing the direction of travel and adjusting the pivoted position of the gutter can immediately shift his activities from one row of crops to the other row of crops.
    Although in the foregoing a device has been described which has an arrangement platform for a person in connection with manual picking of the products, a picking robot can also be used. This can be arranged on the arranging means, picks the products and places them in the gutter.
    Although it has been described that the picked products are laid down on the gutter, they can also be laid directly on the receiving means of the lifting part of the vertical conveyor.
    List of reference characters 1. Device according to the invention 2. Mobile container 3. Base 4. Floor 5. Tower 6. Installation platform 7. Fence 8. Vertical conveyor 9. Reversing roller 10. Reversing roller 11. Lifting vertical conveyor 12. Lowering vertical conveyor 13. Holder 14. Dispensing means 15. Conveyor 16. Conveyor 17. Reversing roller 18. Reversing roller 19. Conveyor hinge suspension 20. Actuator conveyor 21. Long-wall conveyor 22. Plow 23. Brake flap 24. Supply channel 25. Vertical conveyor pick-up part 26. Plate pick-up part 27. Cover pick-up part 28. Rubber flap 29. Cap 30. Sensor 31. Pivot axis feed trough
    权利要求:
    Claims (25)
    [1]
    Device (1) for harvesting products, such as sweet peppers, comprising a mobile undercarriage (3), set-up means (6, 7) for manually or robotically performing work in connection with picking products, transport means (8) for transporting the picked products from the arranging means (6, 7), as well as delivery means (14) which connect to the transport means (8) for delivering the products from the transport means (8), which delivery means (14) are movable between different dispensing positions, characterized in that the transport means (8) comprise a vertically directed elevator conveyor that extends between the positioning means (6, 7) and the dispensing means (14), which elevator conveyor is an upwardly movable lifting part located near the positioning means (6, 7) (11) as well as a descending part (12) which is movable downwardly adjacent to the dispensing means (14), that the positioning means (6, 7) are movable up and down along the line The conveyor is provided with a feed trough (24), one end of which cooperates with the lifting part (11) of the elevator conveyor and the other end of which forms a depositing means for the products.
    [2]
    Device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the elevator conveyor is provided with receiving parts (25) in which the products can be accommodated.
    [3]
    Device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a cover (29) extends at least over the lower part (12) of the elevator conveyor for keeping the products trapped in the receiving parts (25).
    [4]
    Device (1) as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein at the location of the connection of the delivery means (14) to the sink part (12) there is a brake member (28), such as a rubber flap, for the controlled dispensing of the products from the lowering part (12) to the delivery means (14).
    [5]
    Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the feed trough (24) is covered with a soft material.
    [6]
    Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the feed trough (24) is pivotally suspended at an end around a substantially vertical axis of rotation (31) near the lifting part (11).
    [7]
    Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the delivery means (14) comprise a conveyor (15) with a free end, which conveyor (15) is movably suspended such that the free end can be brought into different positions.
    [8]
    Device (1) as claimed in claim 7, wherein the conveyor (15) is rotatably suspended at the other end remote from the free end relative to the frame (3).
    [9]
    Device (1) according to claim 7 or 8, wherein a diverter (22) is provided that cooperates with the conveyor (15), which diverter (22) is transferable between an inactive state and at least one active state, in which active state the diverter (22) is designed for diverting the products in a position between both ends of said conveyor (15).
    [10]
    Device (1) according to claim 9, wherein the diverter (20) is designed to selectively divert the products at different positions between both ends of the conveyor (15).
    [11]
    Device (1) according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the diverter comprises a plate or plow (22) extending transversely to the conveyor, which plate can be brought into an inactive state in which it is located outside the conveyor track determined by the conveyor (15). the picked products, and at least in an active state in which it is in said conveyor track for laterally diverting the products from the conveyor (15).
    [12]
    Device (1) according to claim 11, wherein the plate or plow (22) can be moved longitudinally along the conveyor (15).
    [13]
    Device (1) according to one of claims 9-12, wherein the diverter (22) is designed for diverting the products on one and only one longitudinal side of the conveyor (15).
    [14]
    Device (1) according to claim 13, wherein a longitudinal wall (21) is provided on the longitudinal side of the conveyor (15) which is remote from the longitudinal side where the products can be derived.
    [15]
    Device (1) according to one of claims 7-14, wherein above the conveyor (15) there is at least one braking means, such as a rubber flap (23), for limiting the transport speed of the products.
    [16]
    Device (1) according to one of claims 7-15, wherein the conveyor (15) comprises an endless belt (16) guided over at least two spaced apart reversing rollers (17,18).
    [17]
    Device (1) as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein sensor means (30) are provided for detecting the dispensed products, as well as control means for controlling the dispensing means (14) on the basis of the data provided by the sensor means about the dispensed products ).
    [18]
    The device (1) of claim 17 when dependent on any of claims 4-9, wherein the sensor means (30) are connected to the diverter (22).
    [19]
    19. In combination, a device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims and a holder (2) for receiving picked products, wherein the delivery means (14) extend above and / or in the holder (2) for picking up in dispensing the products from the dispensing means (14) at different positions in the holder (2).
    [20]
    A combination according to claim 19, wherein the dispensing means (14) is arranged offset to one longitudinal wall of the container (2), and the diverting member (22) is designed for diverting the products on the longitudinal side of the conveyor (15) which is turned away from that longitudinal wall of the holder (2).
    [21]
    A combination according to claim 20, wherein the frame (3) and the holder (2) can be rigidly coupled.
    [22]
    A combination according to any one of claims 19-21, wherein the holder (2) is mobile.
    [23]
    Method for operating the combination according to any of claims 19-22, comprising the steps of: - bringing the dispensing means (14) into a low position in the container, - starting from the into a low position in the dispensing means (14) located in container (2), dispensing a first quantity of products, - raising the dispensing means (14) to a higher position, - subsequently dispensing means (14) located in the higher position in the holder (2) 14) dispensing a second quantity of products.
    [24]
    A method according to claim 23, comprising the steps of: - positioning a diverter (22) at a divert position that is horizontally spaced from the previous position (s) of the delivery means (14), - activating the diverter (22) for delivering the products at that diversion position.
    [25]
    Method according to claim 24, comprising the steps of: - continuing to bring the free end of the dispensing means (14) into the holder (2) in higher positions and dispensing products in those positions until the highest position of the free end of the dispensing means (14) has been reached and / or the maximum height of the amount of products collected in the container (2) has been reached, - subsequently dispensing the products at a diversion position which is horizontally spaced from the previous one positions of the delivery means (14).
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    NL2001396C2|2009-09-25|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    CA874254A|1968-07-11|1971-06-29|E. Thornton-Trump Walter|Orchard machine|
    FR2294628A1|1974-12-18|1976-07-16|Prou Joseph|Machine for use in grape harvesting - has bucket elevator delivering grapes from work station to bulk container|
    CH683221A5|1991-01-29|1994-02-15|Roland Brandes|Lifting platform for working on fruit trees - has conveyor belt with steps for laying picked fruit on and has separator made of opening with holes of different sizes and collection bag|
    US5599157A|1994-07-05|1997-02-04|Ellington; Robert|Center-loading harvester|
    FR2852306A1|2003-03-10|2004-09-17|Milon|Pallet case filling device for agricultural product e.g. apple, harvest, has four conveyors, each having horizontal part coupled with upper part of chassis or inclined from top to bottom, and vertical part extending to case interior|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    NL2001396|2008-03-21|
    NL2001396A|NL2001396C2|2008-03-21|2008-03-21|Products i.e. peppers, harvesting device, has deflecting body transferring between inactive state and active state in which body performs operation in position between two ends of conveyor|
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